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THURSDAY EDITION: Still smoked in here, I would love to see the sun before the summer ends..

No Interference? AST SpaceMobile Defends Use of Ham Radio Spectrum

AST SpaceMobile plans to use the spectrum in a limited capacity. Still, it faces fierce pushback from amateur radio groups, some of which claim interference is already happening.

Facing thousands of complaints, AST SpaceMobile is pushing back against concerns that the company’s giant satellites risk interfering with amateur “ham” radio operations across the globe. 

On Tuesday, the company sent a letter to the US Federal Communications Commission, defending its plan to use the 430 to 440MHz radio bands outside the US to track and control its proposed fleet of 248 satellites. 

Those bands have long been allocated to amateur radio operations, including for emergency communications, so the community has been campaigning to stop AST from gaining access. It flooded the FCC's online system with over 2,500 comments, many of them protesting AST’s plan to use the spectrum. 

Jobs For Hams at ARRL Headquarters

ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio® is seeking qualified applicants for several positions at our headquarters in Newington, Connecticut. ARRL is a great place for a ham to work!

Membership Manager

The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) is seeking a dynamic and experienced Membership Manager to lead strategies focused on membership growth, engagement, and retention. This full-time position is based at ARRL Headquarters in Newington, CT, and requires a strong background in marketing and management, along with a solid understanding of membership operations and database systems. The ideal candidate will hold a valid Amateur Radio License and have a proven track record in developing multi-channel campaigns, analyzing member trends, and cultivating stakeholder relationships.

W1AW Operator – Amateur Radio On-Air Opportunity

The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) is seeking a licensed amateur radio operator with on-air experience to join our team as a W1AW Operator in Newington, CT. This onsite role involves operating our W1AW flagship station in accordance with FCC regulations, preparing bulletins, supporting visiting operators, and conducting public tours. Candidates must hold at least an Advanced Class Amateur Radio License and have a minimum of three years on-air experience. Strong technical knowledge, professionalism, and the ability to work independently during second-shift hours (4:00 PM–12:00 AM) are essential.

Technical Editor

ARRL is also seeking a skilled and detail-oriented Technical Editor to contribute to the quality and accuracy of technical content across its flagship publication, QST, and other ARRL materials. This full-time position, also based in Newington, CT, requires an Amateur Radio Extra Class License. Responsibilities include reviewing and editing articles, writing technical features, managing editorial timelines, and collaborating with contributors within the amateur radio community. A background in technical writing or engineering and strong copyediting skills are essential.

These positions are 100% on-site, and there are no remote options. To view the full job descriptions and apply, please visit: www.arrl.org/careers. ARRL is an equal opportunity employer.  

What Happens When Lightning Strikes A Plane?

Lightning is a powerful force, one seemingly capable of great destruction in the right circumstances. It announces itself with a searing flash, followed by a deep rumble heard for miles around.

Intuitively, it might seem like a lightning strike would be disastrous for something like a plane flying at altitude. And yet, while damage is possible, more often than not—a plane will get through a lightning storm unscathed. Let’s explore the physics at play.

Flying High

An electrical storm captured off the port side of a Thai Airways flight in June 2025. Pilots typically aim to avoid flying through electrical storms where possible out of an abundance of caution. Credit: author

According to organizations in the know, like the National Weather Service and Airbus, in-service commercial passenger planes get hit by lightning one to two times a year on average. Despite this, crashes due to lightning strikes are extremely rare in these aircraft. One might imagine that a modern airliner, full of complex electrical systems and fuel, would be highly sensitive to a large release of electrical energy. However, thanks to basic physics and smart design, modern commercial planes are actually able to weather a lightning strike quite well.

Much this comes down to the way electrical current flows through a conductor. In a traditional airliner with an aluminium fuselage and wings, the outer body of the aircraft acts as a Faraday cage. This sees the current from a lightning strike flow primarily through the exterior of the aircraft, without harming anything inside. The lightning strike typically contacts the outside of the aircraft at one point, and leaves the aircraft at another, while the electronic systems inside are largely undisturbed. This effect also works in composite-bodied aircraft, thanks to aircraft manufacturers including conductive foils or strips in the fuselage to ensure this effect is preserved. “All components of the aircraft structure (metallic or composite) must be bonded together with bonding leads or with fasteners to ensure electrical continuity,” notes Airbus in a discussion on the topic. “This will enable the lightning current to travel through the aircraft structure without creating significant damage.” Those onboard the plane might here a loud noise and see a giant flash, but actual impact to the aircraft’s structure and electronic hardware is usually very limited.

Aircraft tend to attract lightning when flying through areas of high electric field in the atmosphere. Credit: Airbus

It’s worth noting that this protective effect is quite important, because aircraft themselves have a tendency to attract lightning when flying through an area of strong electrical field. As explained by Airbus, lightning leaders projecting from a storm can readily meet up with lightning leaders emanating from a plane’s wings, nosecone, tailplane, or other extremities. When this happens, the plane, effectively a large conductor, becomes part of the lightning channel when the discharge happens, carrying current as part of the lightning’s path. A lightning strike may enter the plane at the nose, with discharge passing from the tail, wingtips, or other pointed protrusion. Static discharge wicks can help in this regard. These are small pointed metal protrusions fitted across an airliner’s body, which are intended to release static electricity built up from friction with the air, dust, or precipitation during flight. They can act as discharge points for a lightning strike, too.

As a corona discharge, lightning will tend to leave the aircraft from a sharp point like a wingtip, the tail, or static wicks mounted on the trailing edges of aerodynamic surfaces. Credit: Adrian Pingstone, public domain

While modern aircraft are designed to survive lightning strikes, it’s still better to not get hit in the first place. Often, damage is minor or inconsequential, but planes still need to be checked over after a strike event regardless. For that reason, pilots rely on weather forecasts and guidance from air traffic control to fly around or over danger areas wherever possible.

In the event a modern airliner is struck, damage usually fits the description you’d expect from a large arcing event. Metal components may show burn marks, holes, or pitting, along with deformation from excess heat. Composite parts may also show fiber damage, delamination, or damage to conductive elements impacted by the strike. Post-strike inspections are thus performed to find and repair this damage before a plane flies again.

Unfortunately, while damage or crashes due to lightning strikes are rare, they do still occasionally happen. Flightline Flight 101 crashed in 2001, with the small turboprop plane suspected to have gone down due to electrical failure after a lightning strike. Investigators noted that the Swearingen SA226-AT aircraft had been known to suffer electrical failure in other lightning strike incidents. Another tragic example was LANSA Flight 508, which crashed in 1971 after the Lockheed L-188 Electra suffered wing failure after a lightning strike.

Certain areas of the plane are more likely to suffer damage from a lightning strike—most damage occurs where the lightning strike enters or leaves the aircraft body. Credit: Airbus

However, more modern passenger airliners from manufacturers like Boeing and Airbus have proven a much more solid safety record when it comes to lightning strikes. This has come as a part of modern regulations, which demand electrical bonding of components to reduce the chance that a lightning strike could ignite fuel vapors or fuel tanks, and panel thickness requirements to make sure lightning strikes can’t easily melt through an entire panel to damage parts inside. Many of these rules were instituted after the loss of  Pan Am Flight 214 in 1963, when investigators concluded that a lightning strike had ignited fuel vapor leading to the total loss of the aircraft.

It’s also worth noting that lightning can actually be a large danger to planes when on the ground. Airports are often large, open areas with few tall structures around, meaning that aircraft can be a more likely target for lightning strikes in the area. In the event a plane is struck on the tarmac, crew nearby can be in severe danger if the strike jumps to them on its way to the ground. Aircraft are often grounded with conductive straps when on the tarmac with straps to help reduce the chance of this happening, and work on the ground is often postponed if there is a high risk of lightning in the area.

WEDNESDAY EDITION: We are still smoked in on Cape Ann, it must be sunny somewhere...

Ham radio a path to public service in Maine

A percentage of people seem to be hard-wired for or drawn to community service, leadership roles and events in which they can serve their neighbors and fellow citizens. The amateur ham radio service offers a path to many rewarding public service opportunities. 

Ham radio operators volunteer with county or local programs like the Amateur Radio Emergency Service, an American Radio Relay League program. These teams often serve the county emergency management agencies in Maine, according to Derrick Ouellette, deputy director of the Aroostook County Emergency Management Agency.

Members of the Aroostook ARES team recently participated in the annual field day exercise, held every year in June when ham operators all over the U.S. and Canada join for excercises simulating disaster conditions.

They practice emergency communications with portable radios and antennas and make as many contacts as possible in a fun “contest-style,” off-grid event. 

In times of disaster or other emergencies, radio service members provide backup communications when existing public safety systems get overloaded or fail.

In non-emergency times, these teams practice and hone their skills by providing communications at public events such as the Can-Am Crown International Sled Dog Races, the Northwoods Gravel Grind and much more. 

Amateur radio is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission, and one of its primary purposes is recognition and enhancement of the value of the amateur service to the public as a voluntary noncommercial communication service, particularly with respect to providing emergency communications. 

TUESDAY EDITION: Hazed in here on the island from the Canadian wild fires, what a weird summer of weather....

When the UK’s Telephone Network Went Digital With System X

The switch from analog telephone exchanges to a purely digital network meant a revolution in just about any way imaginable. Gone were the bulky physical switches and associated system limitations. In the UK this change happened in the early 1980s, with what the Post Office Telecommunications (later British Telecom) and associated companies called System X. Along with the system’s rollout, promotional videos like this 1983 one were meant to educate the public and likely any investors on what a smashing idea the whole system was.

Although for the average person in the UK the introduction of the new digital telephone network probably didn’t mean a major change beyond a few new features like group calls, the same wasn’t true for the network operator whose exchanges and networks got much smaller and more efficient, as explained in the video. To this day System X remains the backbone of the telephone network in the UK.

To get an idea of the immense scale of the old analog system, this 1982 video (also embedded below) shows the system as it existed before System X began to replace it. The latter part of the video provides significant detail of System X and its implementation at the time, although when this video was produced much of the system was still being developed.

IARU Position on the Utilization of the 430–440 MHz Amateur Band by AST SpaceMobile Satellite Constellation

AST & Science LLC (operating as AST SpaceMobile) currently deploys commercial satellites in Low Earth Orbit that utilize spectrum allocations within the 430–440 MHz amateur and amateur satellite bands for Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (TT&C) operations. The satellites, designated Bluebird 1–5, were launched on September 12, 2024, and function under an FCC Space Bureau authorization pursuant to Article 4.4 of the ITU Radio Regulations. This provision permits administrations to authorize stations using frequencies that are not in accordance with the ITU‑R Table of Frequency Allocations or other relevant regulations, provided such use does not cause harmful interference to other administrations authorising services that are in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations.

Bluebird satellites employ the following frequencies for TT&C operations with 50 kHz bandwidth utilizing Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK 2400): 430.500 MHz, 432.300 MHz, 434.100 MHz, 435.900 MHz, and 439.500 MHz. Additionally, AST’s prototype satellite Bluewalker‑3 transmits telemetry on 437.500 MHz. These frequencies are not intended to carry the service user traffic, and the use of these UHF frequencies is proposed for exceptional circumstances when the normal Q and V Band TT&C channels are not useable (40 and 60 GHz bands).

In June 2025, the FCC Space Bureau accepted a further application from AST & Science LLC for the deployment of 243 additional satellites intended to use the 430–440 MHz spectrum for telemetry purposes.

Supporting material for the new application also suggests that use of the 430 – 440 MHz range by the new additional satellites may be limited as these are expected to use the S‑band (around 2 GHz) exclusively for TT&C when needed.

The 430–440 MHz band supports a range of amateur and amateur satellite applications, including weak-signal communications, space communications, digital television, data transmission, repeaters, and other uses. There is no specific sharing study considering the impact of the TT&C transmissions in the 430–440 MHz band on these amateur applications despite the Primary status of the amateur service allocation in Region 1 and 11 countries in Region 2.

The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) and its member societies have expressed concerns regarding the lack of any technical assessment on the potential interference arising from AST satellite TT&C transmissions affecting the aforementioned applications. The IARU maintains that invoking Article 4.4 of the Radio Regulations is inappropriate in this context, given the considerable risk of interference associated with AST’s use of the amateur allocation.

To address these issues, the IARU has communicated its position in correspondence to the Director of the ITU Radiocommunications Bureau. IARU member societies are encouraged to engage their respective regulatory authorities about the implications of AST satellite TT&C transmissions within the 430–440 MHz band and to inform their members accordingly.

MONDAY EDITION: To bad this guy didn't have a ham license, he is using his iPhone for navigation and a VHF walkie for marine communications

Introducing Radio Alpha, the ARRL Museum and Research Library

There’s a new resource from ARRL documenting the history of ham radio. Radio Alpha is the ARRL® Museum and Research Library. It is available for viewing at www.arrl.org/museum. Radio Alpha is envisioned as a Wikipedia-like project, administered by a trusted group of volunteers. 

It aims to serve as a definitive repository of information, offering detailed descriptions and contextual data on pivo…

Read more

American Radio Relay League | Ham Radio Association and Resources – Read More

7 Surprising Facts You Might Not Know About Antennas

Antennas are metallic structures used to capture and transmit radio electromagnetic waves. They come in all shapes and sizes, from the five-nanometer DNA Nanoantenna created by Université de Montréal researchers to monitor the structural change of proteins to the 1,640-foot Huge FAST Telescope located in Guizhou, China.

More than just metal rods, antennas are essential components in various technologies, including radio, television, cell phones, Wi-Fi, radar, and satellite communication. There are dipole antennas, parabolic antennas, Yagi-Uda antennas, helical antennas, microstrip antennas, and omnidirectional antennas, to name but a few.

One type of antenna – the loop antenna – has been used by thieves to extend the radio connection between key fobs and a car over several hundred feet, allowing them to start the car and drive it as far away as a tank of gas will take them, according to GPS Leaders.

Another novel use of antennas, according to Barron’s, is to pilot unmanned, Starlink-equipped narco-submarines from Colombia across the Caribbean Sea to Central America and Mexico. These cocaine-smuggling subs aren’t the first instance of a cartel using Starlink to its advantage. According to Barron’s, “A whopping $4.25 billion in meth was seized on a ship near India (in 2024), and the boat was being operated remotely using a Starlink connection” as well.

But not all of the unusual uses of antennas are nefarious – some are downright inspirational. Here, we take a look at seven unusual uses of them, and we even throw in a bonus fun fact just for kicks.

Antennas Aiding Disaster Relief

Researchers from Stanford University and the American University of Beirut have developed an innovative, lightweight, portable antenna that can reliably connect to both satellites and terrestrial devices, offering a vital tool for disaster response teams and humanitarian organizations.

In the immediate aftermath of disasters like earthquakes or floods, the failure of traditional communication infrastructure, such as damaged cell towers or downed radio masts, critically impedes rescue efforts. This new antenna directly addresses those failures, enabling rapid deployment of impromptu communications to coordinate emergency response and connect with isolated survivors.

Unlike conventional metallic satellite dishes, which are heavy and demand considerable power, the newly developed antenna is small, light (about 39g), and requires no extra energy to switch between two stable configurations: one optimized for targeted satellite communications and the other for omnidirectional ground connectivity.

According to Stanford, it achieves this flexibility by employing a unique design based on counter-rotating helical strips made from fiber-reinforced composites, allowing easy transformation between operational modes merely by pulling or compressing its structure.

Publication of the design in Nature Communications demonstrates its validity as a suitable solution for post-disaster scenarios, especially in regions where resources and infrastructure are limited or compromised. Field tests showed successful performance for both point-to-point terrestrial connectivity and satellite localization within the crucial L-band frequency range frequently utilized in emergency communications.

Importantly, such passive, reconfigurable antennas lower the technological entry barrier for responders and reduce logistical burdens during high-stress rescue operations, underscoring their potential to transform humanitarian aid and resilience strategies in the face of increasingly frequent natural disasters.

Beverage Antennas In Vietnam

During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Marines made strategic use of “commo wire” to create Beverage antennas—very long, low-to-the-ground wire antennas—enabling reliable and secure communication between forward bases and command centers. Typically, these antennas extended for several wavelengths and were positioned only a few feet above the ground.

According to Ham Radio Outside the Box, the Marines deliberately engineered these Beverage antennas to be inefficient: by terminating the wire with resistors (around 600 ohms), they further increased lossiness, which limited the effective communication range.

This intentional inefficiency was a tactical advantage. By severely restricting the range, transmissions became much harder for North Vietnamese intercept units to detect or exploit, thus maintaining operational security for nearby command communications.

Beverage antennas, though not optimal for powerful long-range signals, provided a low-profile, easily concealed antenna that could be deployed while crawling, reducing exposure to enemy observation or attack. Their construction using readily available wire also made them both practical and low-cost for field operations.

Military documentation and antenna engineering studies confirm that, although Beverage antennas generally have a mere 1.5% efficiency as transmit antennas, their highly directional and easily adaptable design provides key security and stealth benefits in a contested, electronics-rich environment such as Vietnam. Modern analyses emphasize that radio communication during the Vietnam War depended on a mix of technological improvisation and strategic awareness of signal vulnerabilities, with the Vietnam War depended on a mix of technological improvisation and strategic awareness of signal vulnerabilities, with the Marines’ use of inefficient Beverage antennas exemplifying this balancing act.

Antenna As A Metamaterial Design

Metamaterials, artificially engineered materials with extraordinary electromagnetic properties, are transforming the landscape of antenna design. A recent breakthrough by Lockheed Martin and Penn State highlights this trend: the creation of a compact antenna using metamaterial concepts to overcome the long-standing limitations of conventional antennas for satellite and GPS applications. This antenna features a hexagonal shape and is specifically optimized for use in arrays, enabling higher gain and more efficient performance when multiple antennas are deployed together. Compared to traditional circular designs, the hexagonal configuration results in better array packing and an additional increase in gain.

The integration of metamaterials into the antenna structure results in significant improvements in both gain (up to 25%) and aperture efficiency, with added robustness and reduced weight, critical for aerospace and satellite environments. Furthermore, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, this new antenna offers dual-band capability, enabling efficient operation at two key frequencies needed for GPS systems.

The use of carefully designed metamaterial elements empowers engineers to precisely manipulate electromagnetic wave propagation, yielding antennas that are not only more compact and lightweight but also capable of enhanced multi-band functionality and improved resistance to interference.

Research at Penn State’s Computational Electromagnetics and Antennas Research Lab (CEARL) has played a pivotal role in these advancements, leveraging advanced optimization and simulation to refine these metamaterial-enabled designs. The resulting antennas are poised to provide substantial benefits for next-generation GPS and communication satellites, promising enhanced reliability, efficiency, and reduced payload mass – all critical factors for modern aerospace and defense systems.

DIY Antennas From Everyday Items

The creative construction of DIY antennas using commonplace items such as aluminum foil and wire glue exemplifies the ingenuity found among amateur radio and television enthusiasts. Recent practical guides and engineering experiments have confirmed the effectiveness of such homemade designs.

For example, one project detailed the process of building a deep-fringe TV antenna out of plywood, corrugated cardboard, heavy-duty aluminum foil, and 12-gauge copper wire, with wire glue providing the critical electrical connection between foil and wiring, Wire Glue Projects writes. The antenna's structure deliberately connects the “director” and “reflector” elements, both to boost reception gain and to shield against noisy interference from nearby electronics – a testament to the nuanced understanding many amateurs bring to their builds.

Academic and research communities echo this spirit of innovation, experimenting with flexible and scalable techniques for antenna fabrication. Researchers at Columbia University have advanced the field by developing “knitted” RF metasurface antennas from off-the-shelf yarn, integrating electromagnetic functionality into ultra-lightweight and foldable textiles. These antennas represent a significant evolution of the core DIY philosophy by leveraging everyday materials yet advancing performance and flexibility.

Parallel antenna configurations, inspired by the pioneering work of John Winegard, credited as the “father of the modern TV antenna,” remain a recurring theme in both hobbyist and academic contexts. Leveraging multiple antennas improves signal quality and reception diversity, as demonstrated in both engineering theory and practical radio setups, according to Princeton University.

The continued development of both simple homemade and sophisticated research antennas underscores the accessibility and adaptability of antenna technology for personal and experimental use, blurring the boundary between amateur ingenuity and academic advancement.

Antenna Man

DXing – receiving distant radio or television signals – remains a vibrant hobby within the amateur radio community, inspiring enthusiasts like “Antenna Man” to experiment with various equipment and antenna designs. Many amateur radio operators, or “hams,” trace their passion for DXing back to early experiences with makeshift antennas, such as using a coat hanger to pull in faraway stations, according to SWLing.

This creative approach exemplifies the spirit of experimentation that underpins amateur radio and has led hobbyists to increasingly sophisticated setups, like high-gain antennas mounted on towers, for greater signal reach and clarity.

DXing is more than just a pastime; it is a means of expanding knowledge about radio wave propagation and improving technical skills, adds The National Association for Amateur Radio. Organizations such as the American Radio Relay League (ARRL) host annual contests that encourage participants to contact distant stations, deepening their understanding of atmospheric conditions and antenna performance. The integration of digital technology and the rise of software-defined radios have further broadened the horizons for DXers, making it easier for individuals to monitor, analyze, and log distant signals.

Academic collaborations, like those promoted by the HamSCI initiative, bring together scientists, students, and radio enthusiasts to study ionospheric phenomena using DXing techniques. These partnerships exemplify the growing recognition of amateur radio’s value for both personal achievement and scientific advancement. Current research also highlights how DXing fosters innovation and learning within the amateur radio community, bridging the gap between casual listening and advanced signal experimentation.

The Human Body As An Antenna

Recent studies confirm that the human body can function as an antenna when exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields, absorbing, scattering, and even radiating electromagnetic energy. Researchers have numerically modeled scenarios where the body is near a high-frequency (HF) vehicular antenna and have shown that a portion of the incident energy is indeed radiated away by the human body, while the rest is absorbed and dissipated as heat through biological tissues, according to Frontiers.

Specific absorption rate (SAR) values are used to assess how much electromagnetic energy is converted into heat within the body, and these remain essential metrics for understanding exposure and safety. The electrical properties (permittivity and conductivity) of skin, fat, and muscle influence how the body interacts with electromagnetic fields, and the overall absorption and radiation characteristics vary with frequency, tissue composition, and proximity to the EM source.

Apart from absorption (which results in heat dissipation), the human body can facilitate energy transfer in near-field communication scenarios. For example, recent research in wearable technology demonstrates how placing antennas in contact with the skin improves performance, as the human body modifies the antenna’s load and can enhance the radiation efficiency and pattern, writes Nature

Additionally, writes MDPI, experiments show that ambient electromagnetic wave energy can sometimes be harvested using the human body as a passive conductor or antenna to power ultra-low energy wearable electronics. These findings underscore the complexity of the body's interaction with electromagnetic fields and emphasize the need for ongoing safety monitoring, particularly as more devices operate nearby at higher frequencies.

Stealth Antenna

Some ham radio operators creatively integrate stealth antennas into residential environments by disguising them as common architectural elements such as gutters or downspouts. This approach allows operators to comply with restrictive homeowner association (HOA) rules that often prohibit visible antennas and avoid attracting unwanted attention from neighbors or local authorities.

According to Scribd, stealth antennas are intentionally designed to be inconspicuous, using thin wires or disguising the antenna as everyday objects like flagpoles, roof vents, or weather vanes, or even installing them indoors (e.g., in attics) to maintain a low profile while still achieving effective radio communication.

The need for stealth antennas arises not only from HOA restrictions but also from other social considerations, such as maintaining good neighborly relations or dealing with space constraints in urban and suburban settings. Given that traditional antennas can be large and visually prominent, disguising antennas as part of the household infrastructure enables ham radio operators to continue their hobby within regulated environments without compromising performance. Magnetic loops and small transmitting loops are popular indoor or semi-hidden antenna types for such applications.

Recent advances have produced specialized stealth antenna kits and designs that retain high performance while remaining covert, such as broadband VHF/UHF antennas that avoid the bulky radials typically associated with antenna setups, enhancing both stealth and functionality, Heathkit writes. The trend toward stealth antennas reflects a broader adaptive strategy among amateur radio enthusiasts to balance technical needs with regulatory and community constraints, demonstrating innovation in antenna technology integration within residential areas.

Bonus Fun Fact: The Origin Of The Word Antenna

The word antenna in wireless communication is attributed to the Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi, who conducted wireless experiments in 1895 using a long wire “aerial” suspended from a pole. Marconi's use of this apparatus led to the term “antenna” being associated with the Italian word for a tent pole, l'antenna centrale.

This was a shift from earlier terminology, where such devices were referred to simply as “terminals” in wireless telegraphy. Marconi’s prominence and successful wireless demonstrations helped popularize the term, which then spread among wireless researchers and the public alike.

The Latin origin of the word “antenna” means “sail yard” (the horizontal spar used in sailing to hold a sail), which influenced its Italian usage to mean a pole or rod. Marconi’s choice of the word might have reflected the physical resemblance of his wireless aerial to a sailing yard or the tent poles from which the wire was suspended. This terminology then evolved and solidified in the context of radio and wireless technologies.

Before Marconi, the earliest radio antennas were conceived by Heinrich Hertz in the late 19th century for demonstrating electromagnetic waves, but these were not termed antennas at the time. Marconi’s experiments and commercial developments, particularly his 1895 transmission work near Bologna, brought the concept and the term “antenna” firmly into usage for the radiating and receiving elements in wireless communication devices.

Thus, the word antenna in the wireless context is a result of Marconi’s practical innovations and linguistic adaptation from Italian and Latin maritime terminology to modern radio technology.

 

WEEKEND  EDITION: The Maine Hamvention is today from 8-2, a quick hamfest to say the least....

Time, Stars, and Tides, All On Your Wrist

When asked ‘what makes you tick?’ the engineers at Vacheron Constantin sure know what to answer – and fast, too. Less than a year after last year’s horological kettlebell, the 960g Berkley Grand Complication, a new invention had to be worked out. And so, they delivered. Vacheron Constantin’s Solaria Ultra Grand Complication is more than just the world’s most complicated wristwatch. It’s a fine bit of precision engineering, packed with 41 complications, 13 pending patents, and a real-time star tracker the size of a 2-Euro coin.

Yes, there’s a Westminster chime and a tourbillon, but the real novelty is a dual-sapphire sky chart that lets you track constellations using a split-second chronograph. Start the chrono at dusk, aim your arrow at the stars, and it’ll tell you when a chosen star will appear overhead that night.

Built by a single watchmaker over eight years, the 36mm-wide movement houses 1,521 parts and 204 jewels. Despite the mad complexity, the watch stays wearable at just 45mm wide and 15mm thick, smaller than your average Seamaster. This is a wonder of analog computational mechanics. Just before you think of getting it gifted for Christmas, think twice – rumors are it’ll be quite pricey.

HamSCI Meteor Scatter QSO Party

HamSCI will host a meteor scatter QSO party in August and again in December. In just a few weeks, the August event will take advantage of the Perseid meteor shower and allow amateur radio operators to conduct QSOs via MSK144 mode. HamSCI expects hundreds of participants on the 6 meter band August 11-12.

In addition to QSOs, HamSCI is requesting audio recordings of decoded pings. This is possible through the WSJT-X software suite.

A second party will take place December 12-13 during the Geminid meteor shower.

Source: HamSCI

Amateur Radio Newsline Report

INT'L RESPONSE TO FCC FILING FOR HAM RADIO FREQUENCIES

JIM/ANCHOR: Our top story takes us to Washington, D.C., where the FCC has been receiving filings from individuals and groups speaking out in response to the proposed use of amateur frequencies by a broadband communications business. The response has gathered international momentum, as we hear from Jeremy Boot G4NJH.

JEREMY: Several International Amateur Radio Union societies and more than 2,000 individuals have filed their concerns with the US Federal Communications Commission over a request by a US broadband communications company' to use frequencies between 430 and 440 MHz for a planned constellation of 240 commercial satellites.

AST SpaceMobile was recently approved for the use of the amateur radio band on an experimental basis for a low-earth orbit satellite known as FM1, which is the prototype for the company's planned mobile phone connectivity from space. The FCC has assigned the callsign WP2XRX, which expires on 1st July, 2027.

The Texas-based company, a rival of SpaceX, is developing its network in association with AT&T and Verizon. SpaceX is partnering with T-Mobile.

The Radio Society of Great Britain, referring on its website to its own filing to the FCC, said that the company's proposal for its constellation has stirred [quote] "an unprecedented response from the amateur radio community." [endquote]

This is Jeremy Boot G4NJH.

(RSGB, FCC)

**
MEXICAN STATION HONORS HAM RADIO'S PATRON SAINT

JIM/ANCHOR: Hams embrace the story of one Catholic friar's ultimate sacrifice in a World War II concentration camp. This martyr, who became the patron saint of amateur radio, is being honored throughout August, as we hear from Jim Davis, W2JKD.

JIM: In 1938, a Franciscan friar named Maximillian Kolbe began shortwave radio broadcasts from his homebuilt station in a monastery to share his words of faith during a troubled time in the world Three years later, he was a prisoner of the Nazis in Auschwitz. On the 14th of August, 1941, he traded his own life to save that of a doomed Polish army sergeant. Maximilian Kolbe, SP3RN, was declared a saint by the Roman Catholic Church in 1982 - and is considered the patron saint of amateur radio.

The days surrounding August 14th have grown to be important ones for more than a decade at the San Max Church in Mexico where, with the help of a homebrew rotating dipole installed at the church, hams from around the country team up to call CQ using the special callsign 4A2MAX. The presence of the saint is prominent at the church in more than just its given name and callsign. Some relics that once belonged to him are housed in a small museum inside the church building. The museum also displays some of the awards the amateurs have won while operating in contests with this callsign as a way to pay tribute to St. Maximillian. The operators are on the air this month from the 1st through to the 31st using all modes on all HF bands through to the end of the month.

The station's operations manager, Chuy, XE2N/N5MEX, told Newsline [quote]: "We want to celebrate what we love on the radio." [endquote]

**
HAMTV BACK ON THE AIR FROM THE ISS

JIM/ANCHOR: The most popular digital amateur TV show in space is back and better than ever. With its installation completed recently by ISS astronauts, HamTV resumed its transmissions on Tuesday, the 29th of July. In Salisbury, Southern England, Dave G8GKQ was among the happy radio operators to report to the British Amateur TV Club that he had good copy during the first pass of the ISS with HamTV turned on again. HamTV had been out of service since 2019, so its welcome-back from Dave and other fans was clearly a warm one.

To see a live stream of HamTV when it is near the receiver stations, follow the link in the text version of this week's newscast at arnewsline.org

(BRITISH AMATEUR TV CLUB, AMATEUR RADIO DAILY)

**
FIELD DAY WAS 'MERIT BADGE DAY' FOR THEM

JIM/ANCHOR: Most of us remember the big weekend in June known as Field Day. For 14 Scouts who attended the activation with one ham club in Southern California, it will always be remembered as Merit Badge Day. Ralph Squillace KK6ITB explains.

RALPH: Operators with the San Fernando Valley Amateur Radio Club W6SD do a lot of planning each year for Field Day but this year their plans included something else for the first time - the inclusion of Scouts from Troop 415 who were there to observe, learn about amateur radio and perhaps qualify for scouting's Radio Merit Badge. Fourteen of them did just that - in a single day - as they learned about radio communication and watched the hams make QSOs at the activation site at the First Presbyterian Church of Granada Hills. Some of the Scouts even experienced the thrill of HF by getting on the GOTA station - the so-called "Get On The Air" station provided at many Field Day sites to allow them to have a QSO or two under supervision of a licensed ham.

The Scouts had other inspiration to draw on too. Club secretary Bernard KG6FBM told Newsline that one of the Scout's fathers, Eric Arevalo, KO6KFL, had just received his Tech license after taking a class with Roozy, W1EH.

Bernard said the club is very proud of the Scouts, whose ages range from 11 to 17. As to whether a merit badge eventually leads to a license, Bernard said: "Some scouts did show interest. Maybe someday they'll follow up."

(BERNARD FALKIN KG6FBM)

**
WORLD OF DX

In the World of DX, the Radio Amateur Association of Western Greece, SZ1A, is on the air as special event station SX17ASTRO until the 8th of August for the 17th Panhellenic Expedition of Amateur Astronomers. Be listening on the HF bands. Certificates are available. See QRZ.com for QSL details.

Antonio, IK7WUL, will be on the air from different locations in Africa during a mission trip in his spare time. Mainly operating on 10 metres SSB as 9UØDX from Burundi until the 10th of August, Rwanda as 9XØDX through to the 18th and between the 18th of August and the 7th of September as TY2AA from Benin. See QRZ.com for QSL details.

Steve, ZL2KE is using the callsign E51KEE from Rarotonga, IOTA Number OC-013, in the South Cook Islands between the 3rd and 18th of August. He is using CW and some SSB on 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10 metres. QSL direct to IK2DUW.

To highlight the plight of mistreated dogs and cats and the work of their rescuers a group of amateur radio special event stations will be on-air with an award scheme during August. For International Cat day on August 8th, DA0CAT, DL0CAT will be on-air during the whole month while GB4CAT, GB9CAT,YL1CAT and W1C will be on for shorter periods. See catdayradio.org and qrz.com for details. For International Dog day on August 26th, DA0DOG, DL0DOG will be on-air during the whole month while GB4DOG, YL1DOG and K2D will be on for shorter periods. See dogdayradio.org and qrz.com for details.

RADIO ACTIVE CAPE ANN PRESENTS :

The Six Meter Fish Net!

WHEN: Thursdays starting August 7th at 7:30 PM
WHERE: 50.200 USB Simplex
HOW: K1TT will be initial net control but this will be almost but not quite entirely unlike any other local net. Net control may pass hands during the net and relays will be allowed.
WHY: This net is more of a challenge than most local nets. There is no repeater, no digital access, no NetLogger and no EchoLink to get in. Participants must figure out what antenna to run, how to deploy it, and make changes on the fly. This net more accurately mimics emergency communication conditions where internet and repeaters may be down. Hopefully, this net will inspire folks to use this band they have not experienced much and build / deploy antennas to get on.
Don’t Panic
If you tune into 50.200 USB at the correct time and hear nothing, just stand by. You will not be able to hear everyone on the net nor will everyone hear you. Hang in there. Do not start calling CQ. We will work from Gloucester and Rockport, then call for folks south of Gloucester and Rockport and later for folks to the west and north. As we move from area to area, a strong station may take on the role of net control and relay back to the others.
This ability to hear and be heard will fluctuate somewhat week to week and will be strongly influenced by the polarity of the antennas involved. This is all part of the experimentation.
73 til then,
K1TT
ARRL Field Day 2025 Saw Growth in Participants and Entries
The numbers are in and showing growth. 2025 ARRL Field Day showed an increase in both participants and entries, compared to 2024. According to ARRL Contest Program Manager Paul Bourque, N1SFE, 4,369 entries detailed 31,785 people taking part in in the event. That’s up from last year.
“There’s a growing interest in ham radio, especially after last year’s hurricane season and other high-profile situations in which radio has been essential,” noted Bourque. “ARRL Field Day serves as a great chance to get engaged with your local amateur radio community.”
The uptick in numbers may not be complete, as there’s still an opportunity for a few more entries to be added. “Occasionally, a club will need to update their entry. We work with them to make sure it is correct,” said Bourque.
Field Day participants should check that all the required supporting documentation related to their entries has been received by checking the Entries Received web page at field-day.arrl.org/fdentriesrcvd.php. If the status of your entry is listed as Pending Documents, one or more of the required documents still needs to be submitted to complete your entry. Entrants may use the link provided in the confirmation email they received to upload additional documents or to modify their entries. Currently, 223 entries are listed as being incomplete. Updates to existing entries will be accepted until August 29, 2025. If you’re having difficulty completing your Field Day entry or have any questions, contact fieldday@arrl.org.
On the public outreach front, final measurement numbers of the media coverage earned by amateur radio public information volunteers have been tallied. ARRL Public Relations and Outreach Manager Sierra Harrop, W5DX, reports that the total ad value equivalence (AVE) of 2025 ARRL Field Day is $37.9 million. “We had a tremendous response from clubs and ARRL public information volunteers this year on the heels of Ham Radio Open House into ARRL Field Day,” she said. “The ARRL Public Relations Committee prepared resources to help the volunteers succeed, but they really took it to the next level in communities across the country.”
AVE measures the amount of money that would have to be spent to buy ads in media and social media to replace the news coverage volunteers secured with press outreach. The $37.9M figure measures only mentions of ARRL Field Day from January 1 – July 31 of each year. In 2024, the figure was $20M, and $18M in 2023. Harrop hopes to see further strengthening of public information volunteers leading into 2026, which ARRL has designated as the Year of the Club. Hams seeking to serve as an ARRL public information volunteer may express interest to their ARRL Section Manager.
The overall growth is encouraging to ARRL. “I’m very pleased with the amount of active ARRL Field Day participants this year. It’s nice to see more and more people participating!” said Bourque.

 HamSCI Meteor Scatter QSO Party

HamSCI will host a meteor scatter QSO party in August and again in December. In just a few weeks, the August event will take advantage of the Perseid meteor shower and allow amateur radio operators to conduct QSOs via MSK144 mode. HamSCI expects hundreds of participants on the 6 meter band August 11-12.

In addition to QSOs, HamSCI is requesting audio recordings of decoded pings. This is possible through the WSJT-X software suite.

A second party will take place December 12-13 during the Geminid meteor shower.

Source: HamSCI

Amateur Radio Daily – Read More

HamTV is Active on the International Space Station

The installation of new equipment aboard the International Space Station (ISS) to reenable HamTV appears to be successful. ARISS reports on Mastodon that ground stations over Europe had successfully received the HamTV carrier signal on July 29th. Carrier transmissions are expected to continue over the next few days. Additional reports are expected from North American hams.

Documentation on receiving HamTV from the ISS is available from The British Amateur Television Club (BATV). ARISS provides a live feed of video when the ISS is in range of HamTV receiver stations.

Source: ARISS

Ham Radio in Popular Culture: TV Shows, Movies, and Books

Ham radio has made its appearances in various forms of popular culture over the years. Here are a few examples:

TV Shows:

  • “Emergency!”: The popular 1970s show often depicted the use of ham radio communication in emergency situations.
  • “Fargo”: In the show, the character Hanzee Dent uses ham radio to communicate with a local ham operator in order to track a suspect.
  • “Jericho”: The post-apocalyptic show features ham radio communication as a means of communication in the aftermath of a disaster.
  • “MacGyver”: The TV show features the character MacGyver as an amateur radio operator who often uses his handheld ham radio to communicate with others in different parts of the world.
  • “The Walking Dead”: Ham radio is used by various characters throughout the show to try and make contact with other survivors or communities outside their own.
  • “The X-Files”: In the episode “Max”, Mulder and Scully use ham radio to communicate with a group of UFO enthusiasts who believe they have captured a signal from an alien spacecraft.
  • “Breaking Bad”: In one episode, Walter White uses a ham radio to listen in on police frequencies and avoid being caught.
  • “Stranger Things”: The characters often use portable radios to communicate locally, and in a few episodes they use them to communicate longer distances across the nation.

Movies:

  • “Frequency”: The movie tells the story of a man who is able to communicate with his deceased father through a ham radio that somehow allows communication across time.
  • “Apollo 13”: Ham radio communication is used to establish contact with the crew during their space mission.
  • “Jurassic Park III”: Ham radio is used by the characters in the movie to try and make contact with a rescue team after their plane crashes on an island filled with dangerous dinosaurs.
  • “The Peacemaker”: George Clooney’s character uses a ham radio to communicate with the U.S. government during a crisis involving stolen nuclear weapons in Eastern Europe.
  • “The Andromeda Strain”: Ham radio is used by a group of scientists to communicate with a satellite and track down the source of a deadly virus.

Books:

  • “The Art of Possibility”: In the book by Rosamund Stone Zander and Benjamin Zander, a group of hams use their radio equipment to create a world-wide network that facilitates communication during natural disasters and other emergencies.
  • “Alas, Babylon”: In the novel by Pat Frank, ham radio is the only means of long-distance communication in a post-apocalyptic world.
  • “The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo”: In the novel, Lisbeth Salander uses her ham radio to communicate with a hacker friend and obtain important information.
  • “Peak”: In the book by Roland Smith, a teenage boy uses his ham radio to communicate with his father during a climbing competition.
  • “The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind”: In this memoir by William Kamkwamba and Bryan Mealer, the author describes how he used ham radio to communicate with people outside of his village in Malawi and gain access to educational resources.
  • “The Road”: Ham radio is mentioned briefly in Cormac McCarthy’s post-apocalyptic novel as a means of communication, although its actual use is not described in detail.

 

HAMS YOU MIGHT KNOW- ALIVE AND SK

 K1TP- Jon....Editor of As The World Turns....
WB1ABC- Ari..Bought an amp and now we can here him on 75 meters, worships his wife, obsessed with Id'ing
N1BOW-Phil...Retired broadcast engineer, confused and gullible, cheap, only uses singl ply toilet paper
KB1OWO- Larry...Handsome Fellow ,only cuts lawn in August, plows snow the rest in Jackman, Maine
W1GEK- Big Mike....Nearfest Cook, big motor home, electronics software engineer ...
AA1SB- Neil...Living large traveling the country with his girlfriend...loves CW
N1YX- Igor....peddles quality Russian keys, software engineer
K1BGH...Art.....Restores cars and radio gear, nice fella...
N1XW.....Mike-easy going, Harley riding kind of guy!
K1JEK-Joe...Easy going, can be found at most ham flea market ...Cobra Antenna builder..
KA1GJU- Kriss- Tower climbing pilot who cooks on the side at Hosstrader's...
W1GWU-Bob....one of the Hosstrader's original organizers, 75 meter regular, Tech Wizard!!!
K1PV- Roger....75 meter regular, easy going guy...
W1XER...Scott....easy going guy, loves to split cordwood and hunt...
KB1VX- Barry- the picture says it all, he loves food!
KC1BBU- Bob....the Mud Duck from the Cape Cod Canal, making a lot of noise.
W1STS- Scott...philosopher, hat connoisseur,
KB1JXU- Matthew...75 meter regular...our token liberal Democrat out of Florida
K1PEK-Steve..Founder of Davis-RF....my best friend from high school 
K9AEN-John...Easy going ham found at all the ham fests
K1BQT.....Rick....very talented ham, loves his politics, has designed gear for MFJ...
W1KQ- Jim-  Retired Air Force Controller...told quite a few pilots where to go!
N1OOL-Jeff- The 3936 master plumber and ragchewer...
K1BRS-Bruce- Computer Tech of 3936...multi talented kidney stone passing ham...
K1BGH- Arthur, Cape Cod, construction company/ice cream shop, hard working man....
W1VAK- Ed, Cape Cod, lots of experience in all areas, once was a Jacques Cousteus body guard....
K1BNH- Bill- Used to work for a bottled gas company-we think he has been around nitrous oxide to long
W1HHO- Cal...3941 group
K1MPM- Pete...3941 group
WA1JFX- Russell...3941

SILENT KEYS

Silet Key KA1BXB-Don...Regular on 3900 mornings....just don't mention politics to him, please!
Silent Key N1IOM- 3910 colorful regular
Silent Key WS1D- Warren- "Windy" - Bullnet
Silent Key KMIG-Rick....75 Meter Regular....teaches the future of mankind, it's scary!
Silent Key Neil -K1YPM .....a true gentleman
Silent Key K1BXI- John.........Dr. Linux....fine amateur radio op ....wealth of experience...
Silent KeyVA2GJB- Graham...one of the good 14313 guys back in the day.
Silent Key K1BHV- David...PITA
Silent Key W1JSH- Mort...Air Force man
Silent Key K1MAN--Glen....PITA
Silent KeyKB1CJG-"Cobby"- Low key gent can be found on many of the 75 meter nets.........
Silent KeyWB1AAZ- Mike, Antrim, NH, auto parts truck driver-retired
Silent KeyWB1DVD- Gil....Gilly..Gilmore.....easy going, computer parts selling, New England Ham..
Silent Key W1OKQ- Jack....3936 Wheeling and Dealing......keeping the boys on there toes....
Silent Key W1TCS- Terry....75 meter regular, wealth of electronic knowledge...
Silent Key WIPNR- Mack....DXCC Master, worked them all!.. 3864 regular for many years...
Silent Key WILIM- Hu....SK at 92... 3864 regular for many years...
Silent Key N1SIE- Dave....Loves to fly
Silent Key:N1WBD- Big Bob- Tallest ham, at 6'10", of the 3864 group
Silent Key: W1FSK-Steve....Navy Pilot, HRO Salesman, has owned every radio ever built!
Silent Key: W4NTI-Vietnam Dan....far from easy going cw and ssb op on 14275/313
Silent Key:K1FUB-Bill- Loved ham radio....